Charge-forming device



26, 1930- R. ZAMBELLI ET AL CHARGE FORMING DEVI CE Filed Jan. 30. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l Aug. 26, 192.0. R. zAMQELurr Ar. 74,218

I CHARGE FORMING DEVICE I Filed Jan. so, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 v I 4 v I I r i v Patented Aug. 26, 1930 A Unite A- RAFFAELE ZAMBELLI, PIETEO SARGI-II, annnnrdr Meant, F GENOA, ITALY oHanen-nonMINe nnvicn 'A maioimea' January 30, 1e28,;seria1 K01 250370, ni n r a ch}; e27-.f y

The present invention relates to a feeding system for explosion engines and more particularly to a ca'rburetin'g apparatus.

The system is based on the principle of utilizing the petrol gases; which develop in the petrol tank, for feeding-the engine; the;

device is basedon the principle of obtaining said developmentand the formation of the mixture necessary for that purpose. i Theinvention has been carried out hylobtaining the development of the petrol'gases both in the main petrol tank for the engine and inan auxiliary tank, fed in any suitable manner, fromthe aforementioned maln tank;

it being only necessary thatthe tank wherein the petrol gases develop, should vhave space enough to contain the necessary quantity of petrol gases andthat'the petrol in the tank should present an evaporating surface of 2 such extentas to produce the necessary quantity of gases forthewor king of the engine;

7 said evaporatingsurface maybe increaseds'o as to render it of considerable extent even in a tank of small dimensions. Q

cate with the space above the petrol insidethe by hand or automatically.

The invention also contemplatesthe use of both constant (permanent) oradjustable openings or of one or other of these through which the petrolgases orthe air, required to form the mixture, pass inv such proportion as to render a suitable feed .for'the englne;

The means for controlling theadjustable 4Q certain cases be such as to cause theset'o as maybe required by thevarious conditions I of the work ng of the engine;

said principles, or thecomplete deviceymay wher'etonew \partsare applied capable of away of the smallest'particles in liquid'con- The inventionhas been carried out bycaus 'mgthe interior of the cylinders to communlpartially an axial sectionof a carbureter to 7 to cooperate inthe feeding of theengine in opening, (for example-springs) may, in

'thejsliaftand of the valve. 1 a

r The device realized inpractice in ac'cord-I ance with the preceding conceptions,.fmay-fl be so constructed as to; utilize only the aforebe the combination'of a common carburetter i of controlling the suctlon ofthe quantityof adding petrol gases :a mixture of air and to the common mixture of air and particles.

- Further the invention has been carried'out bypredisposingsuitable 'filters, perforated pi ates for the like iIi'COIiGSPOIlClGDOB with the petrol tank, inside which the petrol gases, will be developed, which cause a filtering of theobtained gases and prevent the dragging dition. v, The device according to the present invention, with regardto'existing carburating devices, also' presents the improvement consisting in that the lower end "of the nozzle is so formed as topermit of its. being readily dismounted and a'further improvement consisting in that thawing valves situated in the pipes may be directly 'disconnected'from their driving countered diflicu'lties Fig. l showslthe generalip'lan or arrangement. e T V V Fig. 2 shows in detail on a larger scale, the

haftsthus eliminating actually en device for drawing the petrol gases.

Fig. 3 shows inaxial' section. the details .75 w for the suitablecontrol of the drawing on of the atmospheri'cal air.

Fig. 4 shows partially an outside viewand which" has been added a new part,;des igned accordance withjthe syste'mof the present invention.*

Fig; 5 shows'aplan' view of thedevice in Fig. 1, Fig. 6 is an axial vertical: section of the connection of the-device'to the petrol tank or to the auxiliary petrol tank fed from the maintank, and lastly- Figs. 7 andS show two sections, at' right angles to eachotheniof Referring more particularlytothe'embodif ment shownfin Figs. 1 to 1) "denotes the engine, 2; the mixture feedingpipe,-3 the tank wherein the petrol gases are-developed, ithe petrol level;4 is the means for drawingoff j the petrol gases alone,r5 denotes the pipe through which said gasesareiconveyed to the air inlet device, fromthe outside, 6 a valve which is contained in thispipe for the purpose petrol gases, 7 denotes the device for efiecting the suction of the air and for miXing same with the aforesaid petrol gases; the mixture so obtained is conveyed from the device 7 to the engine through pipe 2.

Theworking of the engine produces a suction inside the pipe 2, said suction increases in relation to the number of revolutions of the engine,and'extends as far as the chamber 8 of the device 7. This suction produces the following efiects in said chamber firstly; it passes along the pipe through valve 6, and reaches the chamber above the petrol level in the petrol'tanln and secondly itextends into the successive chamber 9 at the end of the device 17 where the several openings for the admission of the atinosl'iherical air. are situated. The depression produced by the running of the engine, affords therefore both the suction of atmospherical air through said openings and the suction of petrol gases through the pipe 6; thef.e twogases are assembled in the chamber 8 wherein they form an intimate mixture, both because they are each in the form of gas and because the directions from which they reach the chamber 8 are at an angle to each other; the mixture so produced passesinto the engine.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 2, denotes the threaded fastening device of the pipe 5 to the tank 3,16 a pipe opened downwards and fitted with filter (metallic net, pumice stone disc, etc.) or with other suitable po'rous material, 17 afurther pipe concentric and insidethe first, but closed at the lower end, the upper end of which is connected to a nct'or'piece of porous material 18 at the opening of theplpe 5."

'lheillustrated device permits of obtaining, partially automatically and partially by hand, the finest graduation of the mixture and its adjustment in relation with theworlringconditi'ons of theengine. In fact,'by

means of the valve 6, controlledby hand, it

is possible to reduce or restrict the passage way; through which the petrol gases pass which will be suitably proportional in relation to the quantity of air, whilst in the chainher 9 a quantity of air proportional to the engine speed will automatically penetrate;

in fact, said'chamberis provided with a certain'numberof openings as well as with one or more'valves with adpistable springs (11,

the spring of said valve being adjusted so as comeinto operation only, when the depression reaches the aforesaid value p, whilst the other valves 12, 13 remain closed because their springs are adjusted to open at higher pressures p, 29, respectively. If the engine runs more rapidly, the depression produced b the engine will increase, and reach such a point as to permit the successive opening of the other valves 12, 13, etc.

In such. a way, relatively to the engines acceleration, the quantity of air sucked in the chamber 9 increases in order to cause one or more inlets to open automatically. Simultaneously the quantity of petrol gases is controlled by means of the valve 6, thus assuring the desired proportion of the mixture being conducted to the engine. The different openings and valves are provided with suitable filters, not shown in the drawings.

Referring more particularly to the Figs. 4 and 5, 21 shows the flange connecting the device to the engine, at the point where the usual carburetters are placed, 22 shows the pipe of the carburetter, 23 the tank of the carburetter, 24 the usual connection of the petrol feed pipe to the carburetter; 25 is the small screw by means of which the air pasage is regulated to the minimum value in relation to the minimum number of revolutions of theengine, 26 shows the lower outer part of the nozzle relating to the minimum number of revolutions; this part, is wing nut shaped (differing f om the actual construe tions, wherein. a hexagonal head is placedwhich is not easily grasped with a spanner so that it is oftennecessary to dismantle the whole carburetter in order to replace or clean said nozzle), 27 is the driving shaft, of the valve 28; this shaft and valve have a special shape differing from the usual type, because the valve is formed of a simple oblong disc having tworibs 29 and 30 on the opposite faces, and at a given distance from the shaft, whilstthe shaft 27 presents for all that portion corresponding to the vertical height of.

the valve, a split, wherein the disc 28 may be located, the two ribs being on either side of the shaft; by drawing away the shaft 27, in the direction of the arrow 51, the valve becomes released. and may be withdrawn.

, Referring particularly to the embodiment adopted, to apply to a usual carburettcr the parts necessary for carrying out the principles of the inventimi, it will be seen that the front opening 33 of the pipe22 presents a stopping surface 34 and a successive threaded portion 35 on which is screwed a small head T provided with holes or openings '10, the dimensions of which correspond to the requirements of the engine to which the device is to be applied, and to its working conditions. On the small heal 7 is also attached the connection 36 of a flexible pipe 37, the otherend of which 5 is connected witl the upper end of a petrol tanlr 3; this tank accordingto the type of the engine, may be the petrol tank, or an auxiliary tank fed in ill) any way from the main petrol tank. It is only necessary and suificient that the evaporating of the petrol in tank 3 and the space resulting above the petrol level-in the tank, be of sufficient dimensions as to permit of the evaporation of the petrolwith the required intensity for carrying out the system of the feeding of the engine.

The connection of the end'5 of the pipe 37 with the tank 3 will be effected preferably by the means shown in. Fig.3.

The pipe 5 is connected to the interior of a closed chamber 39 by means of a connection 38 similar to the aforementioned connection 36, which is fixed (for example by means of a bayonet coupling 40 and in 41) to the open ing 42 of a connecting piece 43 (for example in substitution of the actual tap) mounted on a threaded portion 44 of the aforesaid tank 3. Any suitable packing 45 may be used for tightening the joint between the chamber 39 and the piece 43; this piece 43.

carries a projection 46 which by means of the packing 47 causesa second interior Chillhfl ber 44', provided with opening 45, to bind against a collar 48 of the member 43; the hottom of said chamber 44is partially closed by a plate 46 fi'xedthereto in any way; said plate presents, along its edges, openings 47 which permit boththepassage of thepetrol gases in the direction of the arrows 48,- and the transmission in opposite direction to the passes along the conduit 37,

arrows 48 of the depression which is produced by theworking of the engineand which the'chamber 39, the openings 45 and 47. o 1 The working of the complete device shown,

in Figs. 4 to8 results from the, superposition or sum of theworking ofa usual carburetter and of that of a device according to Figslto v "From the precedingstatement t results that the device, either in the case in which it is (Figs. 1 to 3) destined to produce'only v 7 ClL1H1 l,fwhere1n a cap servesas a means forconnecting the pipe to the'tank, and

a mixture of air and petrol gases, or in the case in which it is destined to help a-usual carburetter by admitting said mixture into itproduces a greater and better utilization of the petrol, because the device supplies'totally or partially, an infinitely more intimate mixture of the vaporizing material and the air, this mixture causing a much better and" more complete combustion of the petrol than theusual, provided as it'is'obtained by the F aforesaid means the proportions of'air and petrol are such as to. obtain the complete combustion of the petrol'gases, The ther mal 'efliciency of-thepetrol used in such-'a' wayis substantially increased,

Although for'descriptive reasons the pres-- ent invention is based on what has been de p j I an airtight fuel tank provided witha filling;

scribed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, many practical changes maybe with cold climates, specialconditions ofevap; oration of the petrol for instance by heatingthe petrole; g; by means of the same products of the combustion) consequently permitting the petrol to develop a greater an air tight fuel tank, a pipe in communication with the space above the liquid'level of the tank and connected to the engineso as to be subject to the suction of the engine to effect vaporization of the fuel, means at the tank endof the pipe for preventing entrance'of liquid fuel particles, an air admisquantity of gases, provided all these modifision device branched fromsaid pipe, and I manually and automatically controlled valve devices respectively fitted to the pipe and to the air admission device. V

2. A carburetting apparatus as claimed in claim v1, in which'the air. admission device is provided with a plurality of permanent inlet openings and with other inlet openings,

and'sprin'g influenced valves controlling the said last mentioned opemngs.

3. A ca-rburetting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in whichthe airadmission device is provided with a number of permanent nlet openings and with other openings, valves associated with thelast mentioned openings,' and the flexibility of the valves being ar- 7 ranged toallow the respective valves to open each under the influence of a greater suction than the previous one so as to admlta greater quantity ofair with a greater number of revolutions of the engine. c

wherein the means for preventing entrance mounted in the cap.-. 7, I 7 7 5. A carburetting apparatus for-internal of liquid fuel particles consists of a filter combustion enginesincluding in combina tion an a1r tight fuel tank, a pipe in communication with the space above the liquid level of the tank and connected to the engine so as-to be subject to the suction thereof for I effecting vaporization of the fuel, an air 4. A carburetting apparatus as claimed in admission device interposedin saidpip'e, and l manually controlled valve means for controllmgthe passage of mixture to the eng ne.

'6, A carburetting apparatus for internal combustion engines includinigin combination Vmis sion device in communication with the engine, a pipe connection between the cup and the air admission device, and valve means in the admission device for regulating the passage of mixture to the engine.

In testimony whereof We affix our'signatures.

RAFFAELE ZAMBELLI. PIETRO 1 SARCHI. LUIGI MAGRI. 

